epiphora

noun [ɪˈpɪfɚə]

pronunciation

Editorial team; lemma absent from CMUdict (pipeline/ipa-en.mjs: epiphora BRAK); stress from Webster E*piph"o*ra plus CMU segments epiphany IH0 P IH1 F (ɪˈpɪf) and anaphora ending ER0 AH0 (ɚə); confirm with a phonetician; no frequency figure, open source

Epiphora names a figure whose shared lexeme or phrase closes successive members; anaphora is the place foil (openings), alliteration the sound foil at word starts.

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Definitions

ling. / rhet. / lit. Rhetorical figure: a deliberate close of a chain of clauses, sentences, or lines on the same word or phrase for rhythm and emphasis. Axis sits at the member's end. Anaphora opens the chain. Alliteration binds a row by shared initial sound, not by a shared closing lexeme.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
hist. lex. Arct 1921 indexes Epifora as a closing echo of identical words in a run of successive sentences (rhetoric); Anafora and Epanafora sit apart as opening echo. Webster 1913 keeps EPIPHORA (Rhet.) plus ANAPHORA / EPANAPHORA. Skeat 1910: no epiphora. Brückner 1927: no epifora.

source
Editorial team; facts: M. Arct 1921 (Epifora; Anafora; Epanafora); Webster 1913 (EPIPHORA; ANAPHORA; EPANAPHORA); W. W. Skeat 1910 (no epiphora); A. Brückner 1927 (no epifora), open source
didact. / rhet. In class, epiphora holds closing rhythm and meets anaphora, alliteration, antithesis, oxymoron, irony, hyperbole, and simile. Borders among end echo, opening echo, and initial sound need review.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
colloq. Casual talk may dump any echo under this tag. This card keeps one axis: purposeful closing of members on a shared lexeme, foil to anaphora and foil to alliteration, apart from loose repetition without a figure.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Examples

Three clauses closed by the same today yield epiphora (end echo); the same we want at three openings is already anaphora, not this card.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
The morning drill worked on member closings; anaphora returned as the opening foil, alliteration as the sound foil at word starts in a row.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
Source shelf: Arct Epifora (1921), Webster EPIPHORA (Rhet.) with foils ANAPHORA / EPANAPHORA, Skeat with no epiphora lemma, Brückner with no epifora lemma.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
A note that branded every echo as epiphora erased the split between deliberate closing and accidental repetition.

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Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
Board labels: epiphora | anaphora | alliteration | echo without a figure, so end of member stayed apart from opening, from sound, and from loose reuse.

source
Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Usage

Casual notes may brand any echo as epiphora with no named axis. Seminar work peels layers: deliberate closing of a member chain on one lexeme; anaphora as opening foil; alliteration as initial-sound foil; plus lexicon notes. Webster keeps EPIPHORA (Rhet.) for endings and ANAPHORA with EPANAPHORA for openings. Arct keeps Epifora beside Anafora and Epanafora. Skeat skips epiphora. Brückner skips epifora. Without those layers only a hollow slogan about echo remains.

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Open-book record. Arct 1921: Epifora in rhetoric is end repetition of the same words across successive sentences; Anafora and Epanafora describe opening echo. Webster 1913: EPIPHORA (Rhet.), stress E*piph"o*ra, emphatic end echo across several sentences or stanzas, Latin from Greek (epi + pherein); ANAPHORA and EPANAPHORA stand apart. Skeat 1910 leaves the English lemma blank. The 1927 Brückner volume leaves the Polish lemma blank. Derivation under etymology.

source

Editorial team; facts: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913 (EPIPHORA; ANAPHORA; EPANAPHORA); M. Arct 1921 (Epifora; Anafora; Epanafora); W. W. Skeat 1910 (no lemma); A. Brückner 1927 (no lemma), open source

Scholarly English marks end repetition across members for clarity and rhythm. Careful editors discard worksheets that treat every anaphora as epiphora and discard glosses that never name the closing axis. The epiphora / anaphora / alliteration border stays debated in seminars. Chronology of the label stays blank until a primary page is cited. Polish counterpart: epifora (SGJP present).

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Classrooms revisit closing-echo talk among tropes and set epiphora against anaphora, alliteration, antithesis, oxymoron, irony, euphemism, hyperbole, litotes, simile, metaphor, allegory, personification, metonymy, synecdoche, rhetoric, and semantics. CMUdict has no epiphora lemma (editorial IPA from Webster stress plus CMU segments). Polish epifora sits in SGJP. Live neighbours include those tropes. Without the closing axis the label collapses.

source

Editorial team; facts: Webster 1913 (EPIPHORA); CMUdict (epiphora absent); SGJP / Morfeusz 2 (epifora present), open source

Word forms

Countable noun: singular epiphora / plural epiphoras (editorial regular plural; Webster indexes the singular under EPIPHORA). Related foil in Webster: anaphora / epanaphora (opening repetition). CMUdict lemma absent.

forms in use

przypadek	forma
singular	epiphora
plural	epiphoras (editorial regular plural)
foil neighbour (Webster)	anaphora (Webster ANAPHORA Rhet.: opening repetition)
related synonym of foil (Webster)	epanaphora (Webster EPANAPHORA = Anaphora)

Word forms: Editorial team; facts: Webster 1913 (EPIPHORA; ANAPHORA; EPANAPHORA); CMUdict (epiphora absent) · source

Collocations

literary epiphora

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Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
epiphora versus anaphora

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Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
repetition at clause endings

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Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
rhetorical epiphora

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Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)
distinguish epiphora from alliteration

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Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Synonyms · Antonyms

Synonyms epifora (Polish counterpart; SGJP present; Arct Epifora; check scope at review), end repetition (loose descriptive neighbour; Arct Epifora; Webster EPIPHORA Rhet.; check scope at review), closing echo (approximation; Webster EPIPHORA Rhet.; check scope at review), rhetorical echo at ends (approximation; Webster EPIPHORA Rhet.; check scope at review)

source

Editorial team; facts: SGJP / Morfeusz 2 (epifora present); M. Arct 1921 (Epifora), open source

Antonyms literal narration without end repetition (contrast: no return of the word at endings; check scope at review), anaphora (place contrast: opening repetition, not end; Webster ANAPHORA Rhet.; not a clean antonym of the label alone), alliteration (axis contrast: sound at word starts in a row, not the same word at clause ends; check at review)

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Etymology

English epiphora rests on Webster's EPIPHORA card: Latin from Greek (prefix epi with the verb pherein, a bringing upon), marked (Rhet.) for a forceful closing echo in a run of sentences or stanzas; ANAPHORA is the opening foil; EPANAPHORA equals anaphora. Skeat 1910 does not index epiphora. Arct 1921 keeps Epifora, Anafora, and Epanafora. Brückner 1927 does not index epifora. Webster also keeps a medical sense (watery eye), outside this entry. We avoid copying dictionary wording. Polish counterpart: epifora.

source

Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913 (EPIPHORA; ANAPHORA; EPANAPHORA), open source

also

M. Arct, Słownik wyrazów obcych, 9th ed., Warsaw 1921 (Epifora; Anafora; Epanafora), open source

also

W. W. Skeat, An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed., Oxford 1910 (no epiphora lemma), open source

also

A. Brückner, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego, Kraków 1927 (no epifora lemma), open source

Related words

anaphora , place foil (opening repetition, not end); EN pair already live
antithesis , trope neighbour (opposing members); EN pair already live
oxymoron , trope neighbour; EN pair already live
irony , trope neighbour; EN pair already live
hyperbole , foil along the scale axis (overstatement); EN pair already live
litotes , trope neighbour (understatement); EN pair already live
simile , foil along the likeness axis (open pairing with like / as); EN pair already live
metaphor , trope neighbour (transfer); EN pair already live
allegory , foil along the construct axis (image chain); EN pair already live
personification , trope neighbour; EN pair already live
euphemism , trope neighbour (etiquette softening); EN pair already live
metonymy , trope neighbour (contiguity transfer); EN pair already live
synecdoche , trope neighbour (part for whole); EN pair already live
rhetoric , domain of tropes; EN pair already live
semantics , sense and reference neighbour; EN pair already live
epifora , Polish counterpart (SGJP present; Arct Epifora; Webster EPIPHORA)

Related entries

The same entry in Polish: epifora

Questions and answers

What does epiphora mean?

It names a figure whose chain of members closes on the same word or phrase. Anaphora relaunches each next clause at the head. Alliteration ties neighbouring words by their first sound. Loose echo without a figure is not the same rhetorical axis and does not replace this card.

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

How does epiphora differ from anaphora?

Epiphora keeps one lexeme at the end of each clause in a chain. Anaphora (Webster ANAPHORA Rhet.) places it at openings. The place of the echo differs; casual speech and school shortcuts blur the two labels often.

source

Editorial team; facts: Webster 1913 (EPIPHORA; ANAPHORA), open source

How does epiphora differ from alliteration?

Under epiphora the shared lexeme closes successive members. Alliteration binds neighbouring words by the same first sound. That is the axis foil: closing lexeme versus initial sound, not a synonym of the label alone.

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)

Where does the word epiphora come from, and what forms sit with it?

Webster 1913 ties EPIPHORA to Latin from Greek (epi + pherein) under rhetoric; ANAPHORA marks openings; EPANAPHORA equals anaphora. Skeat 1910: no lemma. Arct 1921: Epifora; Anafora; Epanafora. Brückner 1927: no lemma. Forms: epiphora / epiphoras (editorial). IPA editorial: /ɪˈpɪfɚə/. Polish pair: epifora (SGJP present).

source

Editorial team; facts: Webster 1913; CMUdict (epiphora absent); SGJP / Morfeusz 2 (epifora present), open source

Is epiphora just another word for repetition?

No. Casual repetition can be any echo without a figure. Epiphora holds a deliberate closing of successive members on the same word or phrase. Without that axis the label collapses into anaphora talk or alliteration talk.

source

Editorial team (in-house source, no external address)